Learning how to read a rent roll is two skills, not one. The first is knowing what each column represents and how the columns cross-check each other.

A rent roll is a summarized ledger of every occupied and vacant space in a property, listing tenant names, unit identifiers, contractual rent, square footage, lease dates, and recurring charges as of…

CAM reconciliation is the annual process where a landlord compares the operating expenses actually incurred for a property against the estimated amounts already billed to tenants, then charges or…

Base year and expense stop are two structures a commercial lease uses to pass building operating expenses from a landlord to a tenant.

A CAM cap is a contractual ceiling on how much a tenant's share of certain operating expenses can increase from one year to the next.

A gross-up provision is a lease clause that adjusts a building's variable operating expenses upward, as if the building were fully occupied, before those expenses are allocated to tenants.

A lease audit is a structured review of the operating expenses a landlord bills to a tenant, comparing the reconciliation statement against the lease terms and the landlord's underlying records to…

Entity resolution is the process of determining when two records that look different actually refer to the same real-world thing, and when two records that look similar refer to different things.

An audit trail in lease reconciliation is a complete, reviewable record of where each reconciled value came from, how it was derived, who or what produced it, and what evidence supports it.

Common area maintenance reconciliation, or CAM reconciliation, is the annual process of comparing the estimated common area charges a tenant paid during a period against the landlord's actual…

Lease reconciliation is the process of comparing the amounts billed or paid under a commercial lease against the amounts the lease terms actually require, then resolving any difference.

A lease, a rent roll, and an estoppel certificate are three documents that describe the same tenancy from three vantage points.